Revista de Gestão Costeira Integrada
Volume 14, Número 2, Junho 2014, Páginas 243-266

DOI: 10.5894/rgci473
* Submission: 31 December 2013; Evaluation: 4 February 2014; Reception of revised manuscript: 22 March 2014; Accepted: 6 April 2014; Available on-line: 10 April 2014

Applying an integrated landscape characterization and evaluation tool to small islands (Pico, Azores,
Portugal) *

Aplicação de uma caracterização integrada da paisagem e de uma ferramenta de avaliação a pequenas ilhas (Pico, Açores, Portugal)

J.P. Fernandes ^{1, 2}, N. Guiomar ^{@, 1, 2}, M. Freire ^{2, 3}, A. Gil ⁴

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@ - Corresponding author: Guiomar <[email protected]>
1 - ICAAM - Instituto de Ciências Agrícolas e Ambientais Mediterrânicas, Universidade de Évora, Portugal.
2 - Departamento de Paisagem, Ambiente e Ordenamento, Universidade de Évora
3 - e-GEO Centro de Estudos de Geografia e Planeamento Regional
4 - Azorean Biodiversity Group, CITA-A, Department of Biology, University of the Azores

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ABSTRACT
Each landscape is determined and can be characterised by two types of environmental factors: stable biophysical characteristics and manageable land use patterns. The consideration of both these characterisation domains allows the definition of a homogeneous system of reference (the stable characteristics) with which every possible land use pattern can be compared through the use of common evaluation algorithms. The Integrated Landscape Assessment (ILA) concept builds a framework for data retrieval and evaluation processing that maximizes the following advantages: through the use of a stable reference system, it allows the comparative simulation of different land use scenarios, as well as the permanent availability of the same reference system, independently from the intensity of land use changes throughout the years. It also allows the use of different evaluation algorithms according to different evaluation contexts or paradigms, without having to repeat or adapt the characterisation process.
The present paper illustrates the basic concepts on which ILA is based and developed as well as its application to ecological planning and systematic conservation planning in the Pico Island (Azores Archipelago).

Keywords: Systematic conservation planning, integrated landscape assessment, GIS, Macaronesia.

RESUMO
Cada território é determinado e pode ser caracterizado por dois tipos de factores ambientais: características biofísicas estáveis e padrões de uso do solo susceptíveis de gestão. A consideração destes dois domínios de caracterização permite a definição de um sistema de referência homogéneo (as características estáveis), relativamente ao qual cada possível padrão de ocupação do solo pode ser comparado através do uso de algoritmos de avaliação comuns. O conceito de Análise Integrada da Paisagem (ILA) corresponde a um quadro de referenciação de dados de caracterização e avaliação e de realização de procedimentos de avaliação. Com o recurso ao ILA e através do uso de um sistema de referência espacial estável, é possível a simulação comparativa de diferentes cenários de ocupação do território, bem como a permanente disponibilidade do mesmo sistema de referência, independentemente das variações mais ou menos intensas dos padrões de ocupação do território ao longo dos anos. Permite também o uso de diferentes algoritmos de avaliação de acordo com diferentes contextos ou paradigmas de avaliação, sem ter de repetir ou de adaptar o processo de caracterização territorial.
O presente artigo ilustra os conceitos em que o ILA se baseia e desenvolve, bem como a sua aplicação ao planeamento ecológico e ao planeamento sistemático de conservação da natureza na ilha do Pico (Arquipélago dos Açores).

Palavras-chave:Planeamento sistemático de conservação, avaliação integrada da paisagem, GIS, Macaronésia.

 

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