Volume 15, Issue 3 - September 2015
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- Abstract / Resumo
- References / Bibliografia
- Citations / Citações
Revista de Gestão Costeira
Integrada
Volume 15, Número 3, Setembro 2015, Páginas 353-370
DOI: 10.5894/rgci570
* Submission: 21 DEC 2014; Peer review: 17 JAN 2015; Revised: 9 MAR
2015; Accepted: 28 MAR 2015; Available on-line: 30 MAR 2015
Analysis of the influence of ENSO phenomena on wave climate
on the central coastal zone of Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) *
Nair Emmanuela da Silveira Pereira@, a; Leonardo Azevedo Klumb-Oliveirab
@ - Corresponding author, to
whom correspondence should be addressed: a - MAG - Mar, Ambiente e
Geologia – Serviços. Rua Visconde de Inhaúma, 37 - 21º andar, Centro,
CEP: 20091-007, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. e-mail: Pereira
<[email protected]>
b - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro - Programa de Pós-Graduação
em Geografia. Avenida Athos da Silveira Ramos, 274 - Prédio do CCMN -
Bloco I - Cidade Universitária, CEP: 21.941-916, Rio de Janeiro, RJ,
Brazil. e-mail: Klumb-Oliveira <[email protected]>
ABSTRACT
This paper evaluates the influence of the El Niño – Southern Oscillation on the wave climate variability in the central region of Rio de Janeiro’s coastal zone. The regional climate of the area was characterized using the WAVEWATCH III wave data model, obtained from NOAA, organized as a 35 year time series (1979-2013). These data were validated for the study area and a characterization and analysis performed by focusing on years with occurrence of strong El Niño/La Niña events. The correlation between the interannual variability of significant wave height and Oceanic Niño Index showed a slight reduction in significant wave height during El Niño years and the opposite pattern during La Niña years, with a lag of four months. This decrease could be attributed to the intensification of the South Atlantic High with a corresponding increase in the occurrence of subtropical jets during periods of El Niño. This weather change causes the blocking of cold fronts in the southern region of Brazil and the consequent reduction in the percentage of waves from the south along the southeast coast.
Palavras-chave: climate variability, wave parameters, interannual time scale, seasonality, regional climatology.
Análise da influência de fenômenos ENOS no clima de ondas da porção central da zona costeira do Rio de Janeiro (Brasil)
RESUMOEste artigo busca avaliar a influência do fenômeno El Niño - Oscilação Sul na variabilidade do clima de ondas da porção central da zona costeira do Rio de Janeiro. Para tanto, a climatologia regional da área foi caracterizada a partir de dados de ondas do modelo WAVEWATCH III disponibilizado pela NOAA, organizados numa série temporal de 35 anos (1979 - 2013). Esses dados foram validados para a área de estudo e, realizada sua caracterização e análise com enfoque em anos de acentuada ocorrência
de eventos de El Niño/La Ninã. A correlação da variabilidade interanual da série de altura significativa de ondas e Índice de Niño Oceânico mostrou padrão de leve redução das alturas significativas em anos de El Niño e, o inverso para anos de La Niña, com defasagem temporal de quatro meses na região. Essa redução na altura significativa das ondas pode ser atribuída à intensificação da Alta Subtropical do Atlântico Sul e aumento na ocorrência de jatos subtropicais nos períodos de El Niño. Essa alteração no padrão meteorológico causa o bloqueio de frentes frias na região Sul do Brasil e consequente redução da porcentagem de ondas de sul na região sudeste.
Keywords: GIS, coastal management, mariculture, cobia, Rachycentron canadum.
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Araújo Júnior, l.M.; Silva, E.M.; Costa, A.A.; Sales, D.C.; Vasconcelos
Junior, F.C.; Guimarães, S.O. (2014) - Avaliação dos eecursos eólicos simulado no Estado do Ceará: Um estudo de caso para o El Niño 97/98 e para La Niña 98/99. Revista Brasileira de Meteorologia, 29(1):139–152. DOI: 10.1590/S0102-77862014000100013
Bastos, A.C.; Silva, C.G. (2000) - Caracterização morfodinâmica do
litoral norte fluminense, RJ, Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Oceanografia,
48(1):41–60. DOI: 10.1590/S1413-77392000000100004
Becker, J.J.; Sandwell, D.T.; Smith, W.H.F.; Braud, J.; Binder, B.; Depner, J.; Fabre, D.; Factor, J.; Ingalls, S.; Kim, S-H.; Ladner, R.; Marks, K.; Nelson, S.; Pharaoh, A.; Trimmer, R.; Von Rosenberg, J.; Wallace, G.; Weatherall, P. (2009) - Global bathymetry and elevation data at 30 arc seconds resolution: SRTM30_PLUS. Marine Geodesy, 32(4):355–371. DOI: 10.1080/01490410903297766
Caires, S.; Sterl, A.; Bidlot, J.-R.; Graham, N.; Swail, V. (2004) -
Intercomparison of different wind-wave reanalyses. Journal of
Climate, 17(10):1893–1913.
DOI: 10.1175/1520-0442(2004)017<1893:IODWR>2.0.CO;2
Campos, R.M. (2009) - Análise dos extremos de onda no Rio de
Janeiro associados a ciclones extratropicais no Atlântico Sul. 241p,
Master's thesis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de
janeiro, RJ, Brazil. Available on-line at http://livros01.livrosgratis.com.br/
cp103377.pdf
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Weather in the United States. Bulletin of the American Meteorological
Society, 80(9):1819–1827.
DOI: 10.1175/1520-0477(1999)080<1819:IOENOG>2.0.CO;2
Chawla, A.; Spindler, D.; Tolman, H. (2012) - 30 Year Wave Hindcasts
using WAVEWATCH III with CFSR winds - Phase I. MMAB
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United States of America. http://polar.ncep.noaa.gov/mmab/papers/
tn302/MMAB_302.pdf
Chawla, A.; Spindler, D.; Tolman, H. L. (2011) - A thirty year wave
hindcast using the latest NCEP Climate Forecast System Reanalysis
winds. Proc. 12th International Workshop on Wave Hindcasting and
Forecasting, Kohala Coast, Hawai’i, HI, p.1-11., College Park, MD,
United States of America. Available on-line at
http://polar.ncep.noaa.gov/mmab/papers/tn296/MMAB_296.pdf
Chen, F.; Shapiro, G.; Thain, R. (2013) - Sensitivity of Sea Surface
Temperature Simulation by an Ocean Model to the Resolution of the
Meteorological Forcing. ISRN Oceanography, 2013(ID 215715):1–
12. DOI: 10.5402/2013/215715
Douglass, D.H. (2011) - Separation of a Signal of Interest from a
Seasonal Effect in Geophysical Data: I. El Niño/La Niña Phenomenon.
International Journal of Geosciences, 2:414-419.
DOI: 10.4236/ijg.2011.24045
Emery, W.J.; Thomson, R.E. (2001) - Data analysis methods in physical oceanography. 2nd. ed. 658p., Elsevier, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
ISBN: 9780080477008
Enfield, D. B.; Mayer, D. A. (1997) - Tropical Atlantic sea surface
temperature variability and its relation to El Niño Southern Oscillation.
Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans (1978–2012), 102(C1):929–945. DOI: 10.1029/96JC03296
Fernandez, G.B.; Muehe, D. (2006) - Algumas considerações sobre
o efeito do fenômeno El Niño sobre feições costeiras ao longo da
costa brasileira. GEOgraphia, 8(15):115-128, Rio de Janeiro, RJ,
Brazil. Available on-line at http://www.uff.br/geographia/ojs/index.php/
geographia/article/viewArticle/191
Hanson, J.L.; Tracy, B.A.; Tolman, H.L.; Scott, R.D. (2009) - Pacific
Hindcast Performance of Three Numerical Wave Models.
Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 26(8):1614–1633.
DOI: 10.1175/2009JTECHO650.1
Hetland, R.D.; Dimarco, S.F. (2012) - Skill assessment of a hydrodynamic
model of circulation over the Texas–Louisiana continental shelf. Ocean Modelling, 43-44:64–76. DOI: 10.1016/j.ocemod.2011.11.009
Holthuijsen, L.H. (2007) - Waves in oceanic and coastal waters. 387p., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
ISBN: 9780511618536
Kaplan, E.L.; Meier, P. (1958) - Nonparametric Estimation from
Incomplete Observations. Journal of the American Statistical Association,
53(282):457-481. DOI: 10.2307/2281868
Komar, P.D. (1976) - Beach processes and sedimentation. 429p.,
Prentice-Hall, Inc., New Jersey, United States of America. ISBN:
0130725951.
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Geociências (ISSN: 0375-7536), 19(3):387–392, Sociedade Brasileira
de Geologia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Muehe, D. (2011) - Erosão Costeira - Tendência ou Eventos Extremos?
O Litoral entre Rio de Janeiro e Cabo Frio, Brasil. Revista de Gestão Costeira Integrada, 11(3):315-325. DOI: 10.5894/rgci282
Orcutt, G.H.; James, S.F. (1948) - Testing the significance of correlation
between time series. Biometrika, 35(3/4):397–413. Article
Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2332358
Pianca, C.; Mazzini, P.L.F.; Siegle, E. (2010) - Brazilian offshore wave climate based on NWW3 reanalysis. Brazilian Journal of Oceanography, 58(1):53–70. DOI: 10.1590/s1679-87592010000100006
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evidences on the modulation of the South American Low Level Jet
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27:645-657. DOI: 10.5194/angeo-27-645-2009
Smith, T.M.; Reynolds, R.W.; Peterson, T.C.; Lawrimore, J. (2008)
- Improvements to NOAA’s Historical Merged Land–Ocean Surface
Temperature Analysis (1880–2006). Journal of Climate,
21(10):2283–2296. DOI: 10.1175/2007JCLI2100.1
Souza, E. B.; Nobre, P. (1998) - Uma revisão sobre o Padrão de
Dipolo no Oceano Atlântico tropical. Revista Brasileira de Meteorologia,
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48(1):41–60. DOI: 10.1590/S1413-77392000000100004
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Caires, S.; Sterl, A.; Bidlot, J.-R.; Graham, N.; Swail, V. (2004) -
Intercomparison of different wind-wave reanalyses. Journal of
Climate, 17(10):1893–1913.
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Campos, R.M. (2009) - Análise dos extremos de onda no Rio de
Janeiro associados a ciclones extratropicais no Atlântico Sul. 241p,
Master's thesis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de
janeiro, RJ, Brazil. Available on-line at http://livros01.livrosgratis.com.br/
cp103377.pdf
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Weather in the United States. Bulletin of the American Meteorological
Society, 80(9):1819–1827.
DOI: 10.1175/1520-0477(1999)080<1819:IOENOG>2.0.CO;2
Chawla, A.; Spindler, D.; Tolman, H. (2012) - 30 Year Wave Hindcasts
using WAVEWATCH III with CFSR winds - Phase I. MMAB
Contribution No. 302: NCEP/NOAA, 12p., College Park, MD,
United States of America. http://polar.ncep.noaa.gov/mmab/papers/
tn302/MMAB_302.pdf
Chawla, A.; Spindler, D.; Tolman, H. L. (2011) - A thirty year wave
hindcast using the latest NCEP Climate Forecast System Reanalysis
winds. Proc. 12th International Workshop on Wave Hindcasting and
Forecasting, Kohala Coast, Hawai’i, HI, p.1-11., College Park, MD,
United States of America. Available on-line at
http://polar.ncep.noaa.gov/mmab/papers/tn296/MMAB_296.pdf
Chen, F.; Shapiro, G.; Thain, R. (2013) - Sensitivity of Sea Surface
Temperature Simulation by an Ocean Model to the Resolution of the
Meteorological Forcing. ISRN Oceanography, 2013(ID 215715):1–
12. DOI: 10.5402/2013/215715
Douglass, D.H. (2011) - Separation of a Signal of Interest from a
Seasonal Effect in Geophysical Data: I. El Niño/La Niña Phenomenon.
International Journal of Geosciences, 2:414-419.
DOI: 10.4236/ijg.2011.24045
Emery, W.J.; Thomson, R.E. (2001) - Data analysis methods in physical oceanography. 2nd. ed. 658p., Elsevier, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
ISBN: 9780080477008
Enfield, D. B.; Mayer, D. A. (1997) - Tropical Atlantic sea surface
temperature variability and its relation to El Niño Southern Oscillation.
Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans (1978–2012), 102(C1):929–945. DOI: 10.1029/96JC03296
Fernandez, G.B.; Muehe, D. (2006) - Algumas considerações sobre
o efeito do fenômeno El Niño sobre feições costeiras ao longo da
costa brasileira. GEOgraphia, 8(15):115-128, Rio de Janeiro, RJ,
Brazil. Available on-line at http://www.uff.br/geographia/ojs/index.php/
geographia/article/viewArticle/191
Hanson, J.L.; Tracy, B.A.; Tolman, H.L.; Scott, R.D. (2009) - Pacific
Hindcast Performance of Three Numerical Wave Models.
Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 26(8):1614–1633.
DOI: 10.1175/2009JTECHO650.1
Hetland, R.D.; Dimarco, S.F. (2012) - Skill assessment of a hydrodynamic
model of circulation over the Texas–Louisiana continental shelf. Ocean Modelling, 43-44:64–76. DOI: 10.1016/j.ocemod.2011.11.009
Holthuijsen, L.H. (2007) - Waves in oceanic and coastal waters. 387p., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
ISBN: 9780511618536
Kaplan, E.L.; Meier, P. (1958) - Nonparametric Estimation from
Incomplete Observations. Journal of the American Statistical Association,
53(282):457-481. DOI: 10.2307/2281868
Komar, P.D. (1976) - Beach processes and sedimentation. 429p.,
Prentice-Hall, Inc., New Jersey, United States of America. ISBN:
0130725951.
Kousky, V.E.; Kagano, M.T.; Cavalcanti, I.F. (1984) - A review of the Southern Oscillation: oceanic‐atmospheric circulation changes and related rainfall anomalies. Tellus, 36(5):490–504.
DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0870.1984.tb00264.x
Laing, A. K. (1998) - An Introduction to Ocean Waves. In: E. Bouws (org.), Guide to Wave analysis and forecasting, pp.1–14, 2nd Ed., World Meteorological Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. ISBN: 9263127026. Available on-line at http://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/amp/mmop/
documents/WMO%20No%20702/WMO702.pdf
Larkin, N.K.; Harrison, D.E. (2005) - On the definition of El Niño and associated seasonal average U.S. weather anomalies. Geophysical
Research Letters, 31(L12705):1-4. DOI: 10.1029/2005GL022738
Lawless, J.F. (2002) - Statistical models and methods for lifetime data. 2nd Edition, 664p., Wiley-Interscience, John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, NJ, USA. ISBN: 9780471372158
Muehe, D.; Corrêa, C.H.T. (1989) - Dinâmica de praia e transporte de sedimentos na restinga de Maçambaba, RJ. Revista Brasileira de
Geociências (ISSN: 0375-7536), 19(3):387–392, Sociedade Brasileira
de Geologia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Muehe, D. (2011) - Erosão Costeira - Tendência ou Eventos Extremos?
O Litoral entre Rio de Janeiro e Cabo Frio, Brasil. Revista de Gestão Costeira Integrada, 11(3):315-325. DOI: 10.5894/rgci282
Orcutt, G.H.; James, S.F. (1948) - Testing the significance of correlation
between time series. Biometrika, 35(3/4):397–413. Article
Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2332358
Pianca, C.; Mazzini, P.L.F.; Siegle, E. (2010) - Brazilian offshore wave climate based on NWW3 reanalysis. Brazilian Journal of Oceanography, 58(1):53–70. DOI: 10.1590/s1679-87592010000100006
Rogers, W.E.; Dykes, J.D.; Wang, D.; Carroll, S.N.; Watson, K. (2012) - Validation Test Report for WAVEWATCH III. 67p, DTIC Document, Slidell, LA, United States of America. Available on-line at http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/
oai?verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=ADA576706
Shabbar, A.; Yu, B. (2009) - The 1998–2000 La Niña in the context
of historically strong La Niña events. Journal of Geophysical Research,
114(D13115):1-14. DOI: 10.1029/2008JD011185
Short, A.D. (1999) - Handbook of Beach and Shoreface Morphodynamics.
379p., Wiley, Chichester, United Kingdom. ISBN: 0471965707
Silva, G.A.; Ambrizzi, T.; Marengo, J.A. (2009) - Observational
evidences on the modulation of the South American Low Level Jet
east of the Andes according the ENSO variability. Annales geophysicae,
27:645-657. DOI: 10.5194/angeo-27-645-2009
Smith, T.M.; Reynolds, R.W.; Peterson, T.C.; Lawrimore, J. (2008)
- Improvements to NOAA’s Historical Merged Land–Ocean Surface
Temperature Analysis (1880–2006). Journal of Climate,
21(10):2283–2296. DOI: 10.1175/2007JCLI2100.1
Souza, E. B.; Nobre, P. (1998) - Uma revisão sobre o Padrão de
Dipolo no Oceano Atlântico tropical. Revista Brasileira de Meteorologia,
13(1):31–44. Available on-line at http://www.rbmet.org.br/port/revista/
revista_dl.php?id_artigo=455&id_arquivo=715.
Souza, E.B.; Ambrizzi, T. (2002) - ENSO impacts on the South American rainfall during 1980s: Hadley and Walker circulation. Atmósfera (ISSN: 0187-6236) 15:105–120. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, D.F., México. Available on-line at http://www.ejournal.unam.mx/
atm/Vol15-2/ATM15203.pdf
Souza, M.H.S.; Ribeiro, C.E.P. (1988) - Wave Climate off Rio de
Janeiro. Coastal Engineering Proceedings, 1(21):261–269.
DOI: 10.9753/icce.v21.
Spindler, D.M.; Chawla, A.; Tolman, H.L. (2011) - An initial look at
the CFSR Reanalysis winds for wave modeling. MMAB Contribution
No. 290: NCEP/NOAA, 23p. College Park, MD, U.S.A. Disponível
em: http://polar.ncep.noaa.gov/mmab/papers/tn290/MMAB_290.pdf
Tolman, H.L. (2002) - User manual and system documentation of
WAVEWATCH III version 2.22. MMAB Contribution No. 222,
NCEP/NOAA, 133p. College Park, MD, U.S.A. Available on-line at
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